Transition to democracy

Transition to democracy Main article: Transition to democracy Patricio Aylwin received command of the hands of Augusto Pinochet, 11 March 1990 in the new Congress located in the city of Valparaiso, beginning the process of transition to democracy. Early in his administration, Patricio Aylwin had to work on a system that kept many vestiges of entrenched military regime. Although the coalition won the majority of the votes in parliamentary elections, due to the binomial system and the existence of appointed senators, could not be expected to make amendments to the Constitution and the local administration of the communes still in the hands of appointed ombudsmen by the military government, which would be replaced after the elections of June 1992. Patricio Aylwin. Aylwin ruled cautiously, taking care of relations with the army, where even Pinochet remained as commander in chief.The army, although he had ceased to participate in the government, remained a major political player and expressed their opposition to certain government measures concertacionista through tactical moves as the “Year of Link” and “Boinazo” in 1991 and 1992 , respectively. In this context, formed the National Commission for Truth and Reconciliation Commission to investigate and clarify the situations of human rights violations during the years of military regime. Directed by Raul Rettig, the Commission faced the rejection of the military authorities. However, the commission report was released via television by President Aylwin, on March 4, 1991, after nine months of work. In his speech, Aylwin announced the results of the study, apologized to the families of the victims on behalf of the Nation, announced measures for moral and material compensation for these and the desire of the State to prevent and to prevent further violations of rights human.During his tenure, Aylwin proposed creating modifications to the tax rules to increase fiscal spending and improving income distribution, at a time when Chile’s economy continued to thrive due to increased exports of copper and agricultural products. Also during his tenure, poverty declined from a 38.75 to about 27.5 and enacted the Indigenous Law (Law No. 19,253 of October 5, 1993), which first recognized indigenous peoples and creating the National Corporation for Indigenous Development (CONADI), which is responsible for promoting policies that foster the integral development of indigenous peoples.Similarly, the Office of National Planning and Cooperation (ODEPLAN) is transformed into the Ministry of Planning and Cooperation (MIDEPLAN) and creates the Fund for Solidarity and Social Investment (FOSIS) to promote social policies and the enactment of Law on General of the Environment (Law No. 19 300 of January 9, 1994), which sought to structure a framework for environmental management, establishing the National Commission for the Environment (CONAMA), to promote sustainable development and coordinate the actions arising of environmental policies and strategies of the government. Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle. In 1993, new presidential elections were held and renewed the House of Representatives and half the Senate. Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle, son and namesake of the representative Democrat, won 58.01 of the votes, the largest vote in free elections republican history.The second, Arturo Alessandri, the candidate of the Union for Progress (RN and UDI), won only 24.3 of the vote. Frei, who took office March 11, 1994, recommended the country’s relations with the outside after a certain isolation that was during the military regime. The economy expanded further and the growth averaged 8 annually during the first three years of government, allowing the initiation of negotiations with Canada, Mexico and the United States for integration into NAFTA and the associate membership of Mercosur. Chile also entered the Rio Group and over the past decade failed to solve the border disputes with Argentina (Laguna del Desierto y Campos de Hielo Sur). In addition, the first steps to initiate a free trade agreement and association with the European Union and in 1994, Chile became a member of APEC, opening its economy to the Asia-Pacific basin, especially Japan and China.Poverty, meanwhile, continued its downward pace, and in 1998 came to 21.7 of the population. Meanwhile, various public works were built throughout the territory and started the bidding system that allowed the construction of the first-class highways in the country. Modern buildings in Santiago. However, midway through his term, the Asian financial crisis begins to affect a large extent to the strong Chilean economy.