Biography Ambroise Par was born in Bourg-heretical, in the French region of Maine, the son of a craftsman and a prostitute. Because of his humble origins had no formal training, so he did not know Greek and Latin, and French used to write his works. By using the vernacular allowed wide dissemination of its treaties between medical professionals and the general public. Par begin his career as an apprentice barber surgeon, the name was known to a lower class of surgeons. The latter were below the long robe called surgeons, who studied at the School of San Cosme (patron saint of physicians) and knew the classics and the writings of Galen. The barber surgeons were considered as manual workers and treat wounds, hair cut, shaved and performed bloodletting. At 17, he breaks into the great Paris hospital founded in the seventh century, the H tel-Dieu, which work between 1533 and 1536.The conditions in this hospital were pretty poor due to hygienic conditions and that patients were crowded together without distinction of sex. Moreover, the surgery was performed in the corridors, not specific operating rooms. Because of this lack of security the level of mortality was very high, which is why the surgery at that time had so little prestige. In 1536 he was hired by a military officer to serve as a military surgeon of the French troops in the campaigns of Italy, practice at the time. His first mission was made in the war in Piedmont during the assault of Francis I to Turin (1537). But never refused to assist anyone. Pare made no distinction: Protestant or Catholic, Spanish, French, German, Flemish or Italian would get your attention. At that time, guns were fired at very short distances due to their short range. This meant that the wounds were surrounded by gunpowder.In addition the treatment was not covered for them in the writings of Galen. The general opinion was that the powder poisoned the wound and treat elder oil was used. During the battle Vilaine, made his first great discovery. Due to lack of oil, created his own medicine “against the pain caused by firearms.” This consisted in an egg yolk, rose oil and turpentine. The day after emollient use this application has proven its beneficial effect. Later in the battle of Dauvilliers first apply the technique of ligature of arteries to the amputation stumps. Although ligation of vessels was already known, it did not apply to amputations. The stumps are cauterized with hot iron, a technique that proved ineffective. To tie the vessels used forceps and stitches. Par ‘s success with this technique represented a major advance for the surgery.In 1545 he published a treatise on the treatment of gunshot wounds, “M thode de trait they plaie faites par les autres et arquebuts bastons feu, et celles qui sont faites par la poudre canon” (Method of treating wounds muskets and fire sticks and those that are made by gunpowder), considered one of the milestones of surgical art. In 1553 published the second ion of the same work. In 1561 the press gave his Anatomie universelle du corps humain. He also published other treaties on the treatment of wounds and disease. In 1559, the taking of Calais by the French, attended the Duke of Guise from a mortal wound. Other doctors at the Duke gave up arguing that the Duke had no choice and pride prevented them from accepting that a surgeon could not academic and I stopped doing something they could not. Not without many impediments got stopped saving the duke, who thereafter took the nickname “stabbed” by the huge scar that he got in his face.He also had a role in the development of obstetrics, showing that it was possible to turn the baby before birth when there are complications due to their position (internal version when the fetus is breech). His other contributions were the most appropriate technique for the extraction of shells and the use of tubes to drain abscesses, trusses, and artificial limbs amputees. When the campaign ended, due to their contributions and successes became physician to attend royal adviser and four kings: Henry II, Francis II, Charles IX and Henry III. It is said that Vesalius was with in court when the fatal accident occurred in a tournament of King Henry II. She could do nothing to save the life of the monarch. Nor could save the King Francis II of his untimely death at age 16.
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